Italy's birthrate is at an all-time low.

The population of Italy has declined to historically low levels, according to figures released by the National Institute of Statistics. The total number of newborns in Italy dropped 1.8% from the 400,249 births recorded in 2021, the lowest such figure since 1861. The population decline follows the introduction of a scheme in 2021 to provide families with monthly financial incentives for each child born, ranging between €50 to €175 depending on the family’s income. Giorgia Meloni has made addressing the population decline a key element of her election campaign, but immigration has partially offset the population decline. The population has been falling since 2014, with a total drop of around 1.36 million people during that time.